Macular Degeneration

What is the Macula?

The macula is the most sensitive part of the retina, located at the back of the eye. It is responsible for sharp, detailed central vision, allowing us to read fine print, see colors vividly, and recognize faces. When the macula deteriorates, central vision is lost, though peripheral vision usually remains intact.

Types of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Dry AMD

• The most common form of AMD.
• Caused by gradual thinning of the macula as retinal cells break down.
• Progresses slowly, but can lead to significant vision impairment over time.
• About 15% of patients with dry AMD will develop wet AMD.

Wet AMD

• Less common but more severe.
• Occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the macula, leaking fluid or blood.
• Causes rapid vision loss if untreated.
• Requires immediate referral to a retinal specialist for treatment.

Symptoms of Macular Degeneration

AMD can be difficult to detect early since symptoms may be subtle at first. Over time, patients may experience:

• Distorted or bent lines (straight objects appear wavy)
• Blurred or fuzzy central vision
• Dark or empty spots in central vision
• Faded or dull colors
• Difficulty adjusting between light and dark environments
• Bright light sensitivity
• Words disappearing while reading
• Changes in object shape, size, or color

If you notice any sudden vision changes, contact your eye doctor immediately.

Risk Factors for AMD

You may be at higher risk if you:

• Are over age 60
• Have a family history of AMD
• Smoke or use tobacco products
• Have high blood pressure or high cholesterol
• Are overweight or inactive

Reducing the Risk of AMD

While AMD cannot always be prevented, certain lifestyle changes may lower your risk or slow progression:

• Quit smoking
• Eat a diet rich in leafy green vegetables, fruits, and omega-3 fatty acids
• Exercise regularly
• Maintain a healthy weight
• Limit alcohol consumption
• Protect your eyes from UV exposure with sunglasses

Treatment Options for AMD

• Dry AMD: There is no cure, but vision aids (like magnifiers or special reading glasses) can help maximize remaining vision. Nutritional supplements may also help slow progression.
• Wet AMD: Treatments include:
  • Anti-VEGF injections to stop abnormal blood vessel growth and prevent further vision loss
  • Laser therapy in select cases to seal leaking blood vessels

Early detection is critical, wet AMD can sometimes be stabilized if caught quickly.

​​​​​​​Frequently Asked Questions

AMD Testing & Care in the Coachella Valley

If you are over 60, have a family history of macular degeneration, or are experiencing changes in your central vision, schedule an eye exam today. At Coachella Valley Optometry, we provide advanced testing and work with retinal specialists to ensure you get the best care possible.

​​​​​​​Call or book online at our offices in Indio, Coachella, Cathedral City, or Palm Springs, CA to protect your sight against macular degeneration.